Anti-Markovnikov Addition Defintiion

Anti-Markovnikov Addition Defintiion Markovnikovs Rule describes the nature of alkene addition reactions in organic chemistry. Russian chemist Vladimir Markovnikov formulated the rule in 1865 after noting the halogen atom preferred the more substituted carbon in a hydrohalogenation reaction with an asymmetric alkene. If a reaction follows the Markovnikov Rule: The nucleophile adds to the more substituted pi-bound carbon.Hydrogen adds to the less substituted carbon. Another way to think of it is that the hydrogen rich get richer, meaning that out of two pi-bound carbon atoms, the one that has the most hydrogen atoms will get another hydrogen in the reaction. But, some reactions dont follow this rule... Anti-Markovnikov Addition Definition Anti-Markovnikov addition is an addition reaction between an electrophile compound HX and either an alkene or alkyne where the hydrogen atom of HX bonds to the carbon atom with the least number of hydrogen atoms in the initial alkene double bond  or alkyne triple bond  and the X bonds to the other carbon atom. The anti part of Anti-Markovnikov addition is that the reaction fails to follow Markovnikovs Rule. It does not refer to anti in terms of stereochemistry! The image shows the Anti-Markovnikov addition of HX to a propene alkene. The H bonds to the CH1 end and the X bonds to the CH2 end of the former double bond. References Hughes, Peter (2006). Was Markovnikovs Rule an Inspired Guess?.  Journal of Chemical Education.  83  (8): 1152.McMurry, John. Section 7.8: Orientation of Electrophilic Ractions: Markovnikovs Rule.  Organic Chemistry  (8th ed.).W. Markownikoff (1870). Ueber die Abhngigkeit der verschiedenen Vertretbarkeit des Radicalwasserstoffs in den isomeren Buttersuren.  Annalen der Pharmacie.  153  (1): 228–59.

Plagiarizing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Plagiarizing - Essay Example I agree that plagiarism should be removed from student’s consciousness that they should always practice academic honesty. That is, they should always cite their sources and as much as possible, they should paraphrase the sources. Plagiarism , or â€Å"the purloining of ideas or language from another source† is considered as literary theft (Silverman 152) and therefore a serious academic offense. But to end a student’s schooling for a single offense I believe is just too much and a little extreme. For all we know, the plagiarism may have been accidental or unintentional and this is not a remote possibility especially on topics that are considered as common knowledge. There is a chance that a point of view may have been already written by someone else and that may be construed as plagiarism albeit unintentional. And considering the University of Virginia’s Code of Honor , that is punishable by expulsion. Also, the plagiarism may have been just a case of a si mple overlook. Writing long paper with a lot of sources has a danger of overlooking some sources and that simple overlook does not deserve to be punished by expulsion. Even if the student deliberately plagiarized, expulsion is still too much as a punishment. The appropriate response for plagiarism is to fail the student for that subject plus a stern warning. If it happens again whether intentional or deliberate, the student will be suspended. On the third time, that is the only time that the student will have to be expelled. Giving a warning and graduated punishment to the student eliminates the possibility that the student may be punished for something that is accidental. Failing a student for the subject that he or she plagiarized is already a heavy punishment. But it is an appropriate punishment. Expelling a student is excessive expulsion is tantamount to failing the student in all subjects including those that he or she did well. Worst, forfeiting would also mean forfeiting the

Holocaust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Holocaust - Essay Example Much of this was caused by the fact that stakeholders within early European society believed that people of Jewish decent still bore a direct level of responsibility for the crucifixion and death of Christ. Such a level of innate and cultural distrust and even hatred ultimately coalesced with the economic and political pressures that Germany faced after the First World War and gave rise to the Nazi Party; a harbinger to the holocaust. 2. For the most part the film appeared to be rather unbiased. However, it must be stated that no attempt was made to understand the situation from the perspective of the German citizen or the German soldier. Naturally, the film-maker probably glossed over this due to the fact that seeking to understand the issue from such a perspective was deemed as merely trying to understand evil; something that they did not want to waste valuable time on. Yet, even though this may be true, it would have provided a further level of credibility to the film if the film- maker(s) had allowed for an alternative approach and a view of the situation through the eyes of those who were responsible for carrying it out. Even if such a view might have been unpleasant, it was necessary in order to understand the dynamics for why such inhumanity can persist and why a broad based public outcry for it to stop was never realized or witnessed. Moreover, even though the film is useful in understanding the plight of the individual caught up in the horrors of the holocaust, too much of an emotional appeal also detracts from the merit of objectivity that could otherwise be represented. Naturally, it is not fair to disregard the horrors that the individual faced during the ethnic cleansing of Jews within Europe; however, too much of a focus upon the individual loses sight of the mechanisms, causation, and realities for why this was being carried out and what forces encouraged it. 3. How does this film contribute to our knowledge of the Nazi Holocaust? Ultimately, the film contributes to an understanding of the Holocaust in the sense that it allows the viewer to come to a more informed understanding of the way in which the Holocaust not only Germany’s Jews but Jewish populations throughout the remainder of occupied Europe. This is an important understanding to gain due to the fact that a misconception with regards to the overall scope of the Holocaust is one of the most common misconceptions that exists. Whereas it is true that the Germans were responsible for murdering unknown tens of thousands of Jews within Germany itself, the bulk of the Holocaust victims were derived not within Germany’s borders; rather, these were derived from areas of heavy Jewish concentration within Eastern Europe – specifically Poland and Ukraine (Cowen 167). In helping the viewer to come to a further understanding of the scope of the Holocaust and the personal ramifications that it had upon the lives, experience, and future of the individuals that were fortunate enough to survive it, the viewer is led to a more informed understanding with respect to the many different ways in which this particular occurrence impacted upon the future of not only Europe but the rest of the world. 4. Ultimately, Suedfeld posits a litany of different reasons for why the Holocaust actually took place. The first of these theories he

Poverty in America Essay Example for Free

Poverty in America Essay Poverty in America seems to stare at us in every town and major city. Being a culture of materialism and economic success, you would imagine that we would have enough prosperity to see that everyone has a fair share of housing, healthcare and money to fulfill their basic needs. However, as collection plates and fundraisers of our churches continue to ask more and more of us, it sometimes feels as if the need for charity will never cease. In fact, in Deuteronomy 15:11 we read that, â€Å"The needy will never be lacking in the land; that is why I command you to open your hand to your poor and needy kinsman in your country. † With this is in mind, we as Christians can remember that charity is a work of God, not an obligation put upon us by our own personal community. Later in the New Testament we read of Jesus saying, â€Å"The poor you will always have with you; but you will not always have me. † This statement again affirms the need for charity will always continue. And logically, as our population grows while our resources become more limited, this statement clearly makes sense. Yet, with all of the poverty we see, we also view just as much corporate greed and needless spending. If you’ve ever watched MTV Cribs, you wonder how one movie or sports star can justify sleeping at night in a bed that cost more than a half a years rent for some families. Granted, we might not always have the celebrities here on earth, but should we give them as much reverence as Jesus, and justify their increasing expenditures? The gap existing between the financial extremes seems to be forever growing rather than diminishing. Though the Bible admonishes that we should be giving of charity; in today’s culture this may mean taking a further step and turning away from our reverence for entertainment. Instead of buying a ticket to the football game for several hundred dollars, we may consider buying two months worth the food for the local food pantry to accomplish this goal. We may not eliminate poverty, but perhaps stop the growth of the gap between the two extremes. Works Cited The New American Bible For Catholics. (1986). South Bend: Greenlawn Press.

Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis :: Metamorphosis essays

The Metamorphosis The Metamorphosis is the story of a commercial traveler, Gregor Samsa, that one morning awoke turned into a gigantic insect. It is no dream but, simply and plainly, a real metamorphosis with no rhetoric in between. Facing this incredible fact, Kafka does not do any realistic concessions and keeps the new condition of the character to the end. That makes of The metamorphosis a hard work of fiction, in the way of Odyssey (with which, besides, it is closely related) or in the way of the Medieval fairy tales, specially those in which the wicked witch turns The Prince Charming into a hideous animal. >From the other side, the work, that belongs to a trilogy about marriage in relation to the individual, the family and the so-ciety written by Kafka, has a highly autobiographical contain. In The Judgment the subject is the engagement assumed as a treason to the literary calling; in The metamorphosis there is a view of marriage and family relations from a masochistic and incestuous perspective; in The Trial, it is the settlement of accounts, related with the incapacity of accomplishing the acquired compro-mises, according to an unwritten law, he must pay. In the three cases, the story ends with the protagonist's death. The Metamorphosis is built on a fiction level with two faces, Crime and Punishment by Dostoevsky and Venus in Furs by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, superposed in a way they get in contact with a real level with two faces too, the family relations and his dreams of Felice. By the merging of theses two levels, Kafka gets a fantastic reality which allows him to express his deepest dreams and desires in relation with marriage and sex in a poetic language that turns The Metamorphosis into a classic of erotism, aspect not considered until now. (Such a pleiad, Kafka, Sacher- Masoch and Dostoesky, met in The Metamorphosis turns into a height of masochism this work). PART ONE The Metamorphosis has three parts: the first one describes both the transformation of Gregory and his family's reaction to this respect; the second part shows the new cotidianity of the fami-liar group whose fragile estability crush with Gregory and sis-ter's bringing face to face; and the last part, where we attend Gregory's frustrated attemp of reconquering his sister, ends with his death. The foreground onto which Kafka builds his work is Dostoevsky's novel. This one brings to him a textual base that he lightly, mainly through substitutions, varies for adapting it to the intentions of his own story. For the first part of The Meta-morphosis, Kafka takes three

Portfolio Management and Strategic Management Paper Essay

The portfolio management concept is critical to supporting an organization’s mission and goals. Portfolio management will determine which projects will be pursued when the budget or resources are limited. Organizations sometimes find that they have many projects they would like to complete but there will be times that it is not possible. Portfolio management will review the projects that not only are being worked on but also review any possible pending projects and determine if there is money and resources to continue. They will then prioritize projects and eliminate any that are determined wrong for the organization. According to Kerzner, H. (2013), portfolio management focuses attention at a more aggregate level. Its primary objective is to identify, select, finance, monitor and maintain the appropriate mix of projects and initiatives necessary to achieve organizational goals and objectives. Project management focuses on a particular project that has already been recognized by portfolio management as a project that will support the mission and goals of the organization. Portfolio management will also be looking at what financing will be available for each project and also be looking out for the right mixture of projects. It wouldn’t be in the organizations best interest to only support projects that would be geared towards one goal of the organization. They need to make sure that they are looking at every goal or mission and balancing out the projects. There can be issues with portfolio management. In project management we have discussed using the experts in the organization to help with the planning and in many cases the implementation of a project. With portfolio  management the ones making the decisions may not have the expertise, knowledge and information and therefore could decide a project isn’t a good choice when in fact it should be considered. There could be conflicts, unwillingness to share, differences in thought as well as certain department loyalties that may cause incorrect decisions. Strategic management refers to management who are goals-oriented in which the mission and planned achievements of an organization are clearly set out and all management processes are designed and monitored toward reaching the organization’ overall goals, (â€Å"What Is Strategic Management†, 2011). A mission statement within the organization will set the goals of the organization. References Kerzner, H. (2013). Project management: A systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling (11th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. What is strategic management. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.managementskillsadvisor.com/what-is-strategic-management.html

Medieval And Modern Ethics - 1745 Words

Medieval and Modern Ethics Does morality come into question when a decision needs to be made on an ethical level? Upon reviewing the situation the person begins to dig deep inside themselves to understand the situation from a personal level, and after taking everything into consideration they then form a conclusion. In addition the men who based their choices on sound mind and considered all things ethical made moral apparent. The question that is being raised is asking how would Thomas Aquinas, Martin Luther King, Jr., David Hume, and Nel Noddings handle the situation of turning children away. In the light of the question being so complex I plan on explaining first Thomas Aquinas and where he stood on the matter of morality, then I†¦show more content†¦A habit is defined as a practice that is hard to give up to compare the two would mean Aquinas believed that natural law is hard for men to part with. Aquinas believed that natural law was the same for all men, he did not think that each man had a diff erent set of beliefs that governed himself consequently, we must say that the natural law, as to the first common principles is the same for all....(Marino 129). Aquinas was considered a godly man, and his reasoning was associated closely with Christianity. Additionally, Aquinas did not feel that man could self govern he felt that man putting faith in God would allow sound decisions to come forth. In the manner of the morally right response to the topic, I feel Aquinas would advise me to give the children up to the police. Of course Aquinas is a man of faith and you would like to believe that he would want the kids to be safe in the attic. However, I feel that Aquinas would remind me that it is a sin to lie and deceive the police officers. Although it is morally wrong to give the children over to the police officers to possibly die, Aquinas would state that it is equally wrong to put my family in danger and stop the police from only